Rinofima: reporte de un caso de Clínica Estrella / Rhinophyma: a case report of Clínica Estrella

La rinofima es una patología que se caracteriza por presentar hipertrofia de las glándulas sebáceas con proliferación de tejido fibroso, donde la nariz toma un aspecto lobulado dando como resultado la deformidad de la punta nasal; es una forma de rosácea. La prevalencia de esta variedad de rosácea es de aproximadamente un 5-7% en la población y con predominio en el sexo masculino de la quinta a séptima década de vida. Su etiología no se conoce con exactitud. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 84 años, con antecedentes patológicos de hipertensión arterial e hipotiroidismo; su lesión inició hace 10 años, como una lesión eritematosa con presencia de telangiectasia a nivel de alas y punta nasal, no dolorosa. Se realizó tratamiento con bisturí frío y radiofrecuencia, se realizaron cortes transversales hasta dejar el lecho desprovisto del tumor y finalmente se usó radiofrecuencia en toda la superficie de la lesión restante. Se realizó el procedimiento ambulatorio sin complicaciones inmediatas o tardías

Rhinophyma is a pathology characterized by hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands with proliferation of fibrous tissue, the nose has a lobed appearance, as a result there is a deformity of the nasal tip; rhinophyma is a form of rosacea. The prevalence of this variety of rosacea is approximately 5-7% in the population and predominantly in males from the fifth to seventh decade of life, the etiology is not well known, however there are several predisposing genetic and environmental factors. We present the case of an 84-year-old male patient with a pathological history of arterial hypertension and hypothyroidism; his lesion began 10 years ago, as an erythematous lesion with presence of telangiectasia in the wings and nasal tip, not painful. Treatment was performed with a cold scalpel and radiofrequency, transverse cuts were made until the tumor was gone, and finally radiofrequency was used on the entire surface of the remaining lesion. The outpatient procedure was performed without immediate or late complications.

Carcinoma sebáceo extraocular / Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma

RESUMEN El carcinoma sebáceo es un tumor anexial raro que presenta un curso clínico agresivo con tendencia a la recurrencia local y metástasis a distancia. En el 75% de los casos se presenta en la región periocular, aunque puede aparecer en cualquier parte del cuerpo donde existan glándulas sebáceas. Presentamos un caso clínico de esta rara patología y su resolución.

ABSTRACT Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm derived from the adnexal epithelium of the sebaceous glands with a tendency to local recurrence and distant metastasis In 75% of cases the tumor develops in the periocular region but it can appear in any area with sebaceous glands. We report a case of this rare condition and its resolution.

Carcinoma de glándulas sebáceas limitado a conjuntiva bulbar / Sebaceous gland carcinoma restricted to bulb conjunctiva

El carcinoma de glándulas sebáceas es un tumor infrecuente que puede desarrollarse a partir de cualquier glándula sebácea en la piel. El 75 por ciento de las veces es de origen ocular y afecta principalmente las glándulas de Zeiss, Meibomio y de la carúncula. Se caracteriza por un comportamiento agresivo, con alta probabilidad de invasión a piel, conjuntiva y córnea. Sin embargo, el compromiso de la conjuntiva como localización primaria es raro. Se presenta un caso con diagnóstico de carcinoma sebáceo de patrón nodular primario de la conjuntiva bulbar, atendido en el Hospital Universitario de Santander durante los años 2014-2016. El propósito del presente estudio es dar a conocer el caso de una patología infrecuente con pocos casos reportados en la literatura, enfatizar su importancia dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales de masas en la conjuntiva y del estudio histopatológico como método para obtener un diagnóstico definitivo y realizar un abordaje temprano(AU)

Sebaceous gland carcinoma is an uncommon tumor that may derive from any sebaceous gland of the skin. In 75 percent of cases is ocular and mainly affects the Zeiss, Melbonium and caruncle glands. It is characterized for its aggressiveness, high probability of passing into the skin, the conjunctiva and the cornea. However, the involvement of the conjunctiva as a primary location is rare. This is a case diagnosed with sebaceous carcinoma of primary nodullary pattern of the bulb conjunctiva, which was seen at the university hospital of Santander from 2014 to 2016. The objective of the study was to show the case of an infrequent pathology with very few cases reported up to now in literature, to make emphasis on its importance within the differential diagnoses of masses present in the conjunctiva and of the histopathological study as a method to obtain a final diagnosis and to make an early intervention(AU)

Steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa: case report of a rare condition

Abstract Steatocystoma multiplex is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of hamartomatous malformations at the junction of the pilosebaceous duct. It consists of encapsulated cystic lesions in the dermis, with adjacent sebaceous gland. When associated with inflammation, resembling hidradenitis, it is called steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa, a condition rarely reported. This is the first case of steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa reported in the Brazilian literature. Female patient, 23 years old, with papular and nodular cystic lesions that started in the armpits and groin, later spreading to the trunk, lower limbs, anticubital fossa, face and scalp. The presence of papular-nodular lesions associated with disseminated hidradenitis-like lesions in flexural areas and the histopathological diagnosis of steatocystoma defined the diagnosis of steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa.

Cerebriform sebaceous nevus: a rare presentation

Abstract A 13-year-old boy presented congenital, raised, yellowish colored plaques with fibroelastic consistency, which were velvety in appearance, alopecic, with clearly defined limits and sulci or well-marked meandering invaginations, a cerebriform appearance on the upper part of the right ear, accompanied by alopecia in the temporomandibular region-parietal. The lesion was asymptomatic. Histopathologic examination revealed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis and follicular plugging in the epidermis. The upper dermis showed underdeveloped hair follicles with sebaceous glands, consistent with sebaceous nevus. There were no skeletal, cardiological, ophthalmological or neuropsychomotor changes; nor were there any records of relevant pathologies in the family history. The patient complained of his appearance, experiencing aesthetic and social issues. Following a diagnosis of cerebriform nevus sebaceous, complete excision was performed with excellent aesthetic results.

Nevus sebáceo cerebriforme: uma rara apresentação

A 13-year-old boy presented congenital, raised, yellowish colored plaques with fibroelastic consistency, which were velvety in appearance, alopecic, with clearly defined limits and sulci or well-marked meandering invaginations, a cerebriform appearance on the upper part of the right ear, accompanied by alopecia in the temporomandibular region-parietal. The lesion was asymptomatic. Histopathologic examination revealed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis and follicular plugging in the epidermis. The upper dermis showed underdeveloped hair follicles with sebaceous glands, consistent with sebaceous nevus. There were no skeletal, cardiological, ophthalmological or neuropsychomotor changes; nor were there any records of relevant pathologies in the family history. The patient complained of his appearance, experiencing aesthetic and social issues. Following a diagnosis of cerebriform nevus sebaceous, complete excision was performed with excellent aesthetic results.

Sebaceous hyperplasia: systemic treatment with isotretinoin

The study aimed to verify the therapeutic action of isotretinoin in the treatment of sebaceous hyperplasia. During two months, 20 patients with sebaceous hyperplasia took isotretinoin at a dosage of 1mg/kg per day. Their skin lesions were counted and photographed before and after treatment and re-evaluated two years later. The average number of sebaceous hyperplasia lesions before treatment was 24 per patient. At the end of two months of therapy, the number of lesions decreased to 2 per patient. The statistically analyzed data showed a reduction in the number of lesions following isotretinoin use (p < 0.05). Two years after the end of the treatment, the average number of sebaceous hyperplasia lesions was 4 per patient. There were no severe side effects. Thus, the data analysis suggests that isotretinoin is a safe and effective drug for treating the disease under study.

Hiperplasia sebácea cutânea: estudo piloto para a correlação da doença com hormônios androgênios / Sebaceous hyperplasia: a pilot study to correlate this skin disease with circulating androgen levels

FUNDAMENTOS: As glândulas sebáceas são suscetíveis à ação dos hormônios androgênios e apresentam proliferação benigna com a idade, ou seja, hiperplasia. OBJETIVOS: Estudo piloto para verificar se há correlação entre a taxa de hormônios masculinos circulantes e o aumento da incidência da hiperplasia das glândulas sebáceas. MÉTODOS: 16 pacientes do sexo feminino, com diagnóstico de hiperplasia sebácea cutânea, foram comparados a um grupo-controle de mesmo gênero e idades semelhantes, sem a doença. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos a testes de dosagem sanguínea para avaliação das taxas de hormônios androgênios circulantes (testosterona livre e total, androstenediona). Os resultados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: Os dados demonstraram não haver mudanças nos níveis de hormônios masculinos circulantes dos pacientes com hiperplasia sebácea cutânea, quando comparados ao grupo-controle. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados sugerem que não há alterações estatisticamente significantes nas taxas dos hormônios circulantes (testosterona livre e total, androstenediona, deidroepiandrosterona, sulfato de deidroepiandrosterona) dos pacientes com hiperplasia sebácea cutânea.

BACKGROUND: The sebaceous glands are susceptible to the effects of androgens. A benign proliferation of these hormones, i.e. hyperplasia, occurs with age. OBJECTIVES: This was a pilot study to demonstrate whether any correlation exists between circulating androgen levels and an increase in the incidence of sebaceous hyperplasia. METHODS: Sixteen female patients with a diagnosis of sebaceous hyperplasia were compared to a control group of females of a similar age without the disease. Blood tests were performed on participants of both groups to measure circulating androgen levels (free and total testosterone and androstenedione levels). Results were tabulated for statistical analysis. RESULTS: These data showed no statistically significant differences in circulating androgen levels between the patients with sebaceous hyperplasia and the control group. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that no significant changes occur in circulating androgen levels [free and total testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate] in patients with sebaceous hyperplasia.

Sebaceous differentiation in odontogenic keratocyst.

Sebaceous glands are common in the oral mucosa, but are not normally present with in the jaws. A case of an odontogenic keratocyst with sebaceous glands in the epithelium in a 12-year-old child is presented here, with special emphasis on its histogenesis.

Esteatocistoma múltiplo / Steatocystoma multiplex

O esteatocistoma múltiplo é doença dermatológica rara, caracterizada por lesões múltiplas e de vários tamanhos no tronco. Também podem ser encontradas nas costas, extremidades e escroto. As lesões isoladamente variam de 1mm a 2cm e são macias e móveis. As lesões profundas são da cor da pele; as superfícies normalmente são amarelas. Podem ocorrer isoladas (esteatocistoma simples) ou ser múltiplas (esteatocistoma múltiplo). A doença afeta tanto homens quanto mulheres. Começa no início da vida adulta e persiste indefinidamente. As lesões são usualmente assintomáticas; algumas podem inflamar e supurar, deixando cicatrizes. É uma doença autossômica dominante e associada a um defeito do gene da queratina 17. O principal diagnóstico diferencial inclui cisto epidermóide e cisto veloso eruptivo. Não foi relatada degeneração maligna.

Dermatology case diagnosis, Steatocystoma multiplex

A patient with multiple subcutaneous mobile lesions limited to forearms is presented. Pathologic review of the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis

A Case of Superficial Epithelioma with Sebaceous Differentiation

Superficial epithelioma with sebaceous differentiation (SESD) is a rare benign neoplasm with peculiar histopathologic characteristics, which occurs in aged skin. We report upon a case of SESD occurring on the left upper back, which histopathologically is a superficial, multilobular tumor with numerous basaloid cells mixed with sebaceous cells attached to the overlying epidermis. This case represents a solitary benign neoplasm without any associated malignancy.

Tumores mixtos apocrinos de la piel: comunicación de ocho casos / Mixed apocrine tumors of the skin: report of 8 cases

Los tumores mixtos de la piel son neoplasias benignas constituídas por elementos epiteliales y mesenquimáticos que conforman estructuras túbulo-alveolares y ductales inmersas en un estroma mixoide o concroide. Se presentan 8 casos de tumores mixtos con diferenciación apocrina localizados en región de la cabeza cuyos diagnósticos clínicos fueron: quiste sebáceo, quiste dermoide, lipoma y mucocele. Histológicamente todos presentaron un patrón epitelial constituído por estructuras tubulares, ductales, túbulo-alveolares o áreas sólidas con diferenciación pilosebácea focal y áreas de metaplasia adiposa. Este último es un rasgo pocas veces referido en la literatura mundial. Los resultadsos de la inmunohistoquímica y los hallazgos morfológicos sugieren un origen común en la unidad folículo sebáceo-apocrina, existiendo una estrecha relación entre los componentes estromales y epiteliales que favorece la diferenciación hacia el aparato sudoríparo

Nevo sebáceo de Jadassohn: un estudio casuístico retrospectivo de cinco años / Nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn: a retrospective five year case repost

Presentamos una revisión de 39 casos de nevos de Jadassohn; de éstos, tres (7,69 por ciento) presentaron asociaciones: uno con sordera y convulsiones, otro con malformaciones esqueléticas y el último con alopecia areata, y cuatro casos (10,25 por ciento) con complicaciones tumorales. Destacamos la importancia del estudio de los pacientes para descartar asociaciones sindrómicas, así como el tratamiento oportuno y correcto de las lesiones para evitar complicaciones neoplásicas

Familial presenile sebaceous gland hyperplasia

Familial presenile sebaceous gland hyperplasia is a rare autosomal dominant disease. Only few cases were reported in the literature. Herein we are reporting an additional case. Sebaceous gland hyperplasia is a common disorder in middle and old age males. Familial presenile sebaceous gland hyperplasia is a rare autosomal disease, which is first described by Dupre Bonafe and Lamon in 1980. Only few cases reported in the literature. We are reporting an additional case of such a rare disease

Milia en placa: presentación de dos casos / Milia in plaque: two cases presentation

Los quistes de milium son quistes epiteliales queratinizados que pueden agruparse formando placas. Esta entidad, de escasa frecuencia, llamada milia en placa es para algunos autores una condición autónoma y para otros nevoide. Presentamos dos casos: uno con la localización más típica que es la retroauricular y otro de distribución palpebral y hacemos un comentario de las posibles terapéuticas aplicables en estos casos